Difference between revisions of "Build current FPC and Lazarus for Raspbian/zh CN"

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# 提取编译器。这将创建一个<code>fpc-3.0.2.arm-linux</code>目录。(注意:这个文件夹必需存在于一个 linux 文件系统上 [像文档文件夹] ，像 FAT 之类不允许接下来步骤的工作)。
 
# 提取编译器。这将创建一个<code>fpc-3.0.2.arm-linux</code>目录。(注意:这个文件夹必需存在于一个 linux 文件系统上 [像文档文件夹] ，像 FAT 之类不允许接下来步骤的工作)。
 
# 在这个目录中,以 pi 用户，运行<code>./install.sh</code>
 
# 在这个目录中,以 pi 用户，运行<code>./install.sh</code>
−
# 在四个提示处，回答<code>Enter, n, n, n</code>: 这是，接受建议的目录<code>/home/pi/fpc-3.0.2</code>,没有文本模式IDE，没有文档，没有示例。忽略<code>tar</code>警告。注意额外文件将被写入到<code>/home/pi</code>: <code>.fpc.cfg</code>, <code>.config/fppkg.cfg</code>, <code>.fppkg/config/default</code>中。当构建完成后，删除临时的bootstrap编译器，这些文件和 <code>/home/pi/fpc-3.0.2</code>安装目录需要被删除。
+
# 在四个提示处，回答<code>Enter, n, n, n</code>: 这是，接受建议的目录<code>/home/pi/fpc-3.0.2</code>，没有文本模式IDE，没有文档，没有示例。忽略<code>tar</code>警告。注意额外文件将被写入到<code>/home/pi</code>: <code>.fpc.cfg</code>, <code>.config/fppkg.cfg</code>, <code>.fppkg/config/default</code>中。当构建完成后，删除临时的bootstrap编译器，这些文件和 <code>/home/pi/fpc-3.0.2</code>安装目录需要被删除。
−
#临时添加FPC安装目录到PATH: <code>export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/fpc-3.0.2/bin</code>. If you have to reboot for any reason before completing the FPC build, you have to do this step again.
+
#临时添加FPC安装目录到PATH: <code>export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/fpc-3.0.2/bin</code>。如果你在完成FPC构建之前由于任何原因必须重新启动，那么你必需再次执行此步骤。
−
# Test if all ok: <code>fpc abcd</code>. This invokes the just installed compiler trying to compile a non-existent file (abcd). A multiline message will be shown including the compiler version.
+
# 测试是否一切正常: <code>fpc abcd</code>。This invokes the just installed compiler trying to compile a non-existent file (abcd). A multiline message will be shown including the compiler version.
−
# Non-step note: the following steps are mostly based on [https://wiki.lazarus.freepascal.org/How_to_setup_a_FPC_and_Lazarus_Ubuntu_repository#Creating_the_deb_files_yourself this]
+
# 非步骤注释:下面步骤主要基于 [https://wiki.lazarus.freepascal.org/How_to_setup_a_FPC_and_Lazarus_Ubuntu_repository#Creating_the_deb_files_yourself 这个]
 
# 安装开发库: <code>sudo apt install libgtk2.0-dev libgpm-dev libncurses-dev</code>
 
# 安装开发库: <code>sudo apt install libgtk2.0-dev libgpm-dev libncurses-dev</code>
 
# <code>mkdir ~/pascal</code>
 
# <code>mkdir ~/pascal</code>
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# <code>svn co <nowiki>https://svn.freepascal.org/svn/lazarus/tags/lazarus_2_0_6</nowiki> lazarus</code>
 
# <code>svn co <nowiki>https://svn.freepascal.org/svn/lazarus/tags/lazarus_2_0_6</nowiki> lazarus</code>
 
# <code>cd lazarus/tools/install</code>
 
# <code>cd lazarus/tools/install</code>
−
# 编辑<code>create_fpc_deb.sh</code>, look for line with the following content: <code>arm)    ppcbin=arm;  FPCArch=arm;;</code>, (currently line 109). Copy and paste this line below itself, so it will appear twice. Edit this copy to read like this: <code>armhf)  ppcbin=arm;  FPCArch=arm;;</code>. Now save the changes and exit.
+
# 编辑<code>create_fpc_deb.sh</code>, look for line with the following content: <code>arm)    ppcbin=arm;  FPCArch=arm;;</code>, (当前行109). Copy and paste this line below itself, so it will appear twice. Edit this copy to read like this: <code>armhf)  ppcbin=arm;  FPCArch=arm;;</code>. 现在保存更改和退出。
 
# 运行脚本: <code>./create_fpc_deb.sh fpc ~/pascal/fpc/</code>. This will compile the latest compiler with the bootstrap compiler. It takes about 11 minutes. A <code>.deb</code> file will be created: <code>fpc-laz_3.0.4-yymmdd_armhf.deb</code>; the exact name will be shown at the end of the compilation. Rename the file with (NOTE: do not type the brackets): mv [file name shown at end of compilation] <code>fpc-laz_3.0.4_armhf.deb</code>
 
# 运行脚本: <code>./create_fpc_deb.sh fpc ~/pascal/fpc/</code>. This will compile the latest compiler with the bootstrap compiler. It takes about 11 minutes. A <code>.deb</code> file will be created: <code>fpc-laz_3.0.4-yymmdd_armhf.deb</code>; the exact name will be shown at the end of the compilation. Rename the file with (NOTE: do not type the brackets): mv [file name shown at end of compilation] <code>fpc-laz_3.0.4_armhf.deb</code>
 
# 你已经完成FPC构建。重启树莓派来摆脱临时路径。
 
# 你已经完成FPC构建。重启树莓派来摆脱临时路径。

Revision as of 01:05, 16 April 2020

│ English (en) │ 中文（中国大陆）‎ (zh_CN) │

为树莓派构建最新的FPC和Lazarus

Raspbian Buster (基于Debian 10 Buster)，在存储库中有开用FPC和Lazarus， but they suffer from the same "design decisions" that don't allow for a nice experience, namely the smooth IDE rebuilding capability based on source packages that is possible with FPC/Lazarus official .deb packages vs the crippled experience with the official Debian/Raspbian packages. One wishes there were official FPC/Lazarus packages for Raspbian as there are for Intel Debian/Ubuntu, which are also frequently updated; not being that the case (at least for now), this page shows the steps for building your own FPC, FPC-source and Lazarus packages for Raspbian. Example shows steps for Lazarus 2.0.6 which includes FPC 3.0.4, most recent at the time of writing. Adjust accordingly.

要求:

  • 树莓派4版本B, 4 GB (更少的内存将需要swap), with appropriate cooling (author uses aluminum case that doubles as heatsink) to avoid throttling due to excessive heat
  • Latest Raspbian Buster fully updated

步骤:

  1. 安装 Subversion: sudo apt install subversion
  2. 获取bootstrap FPC 编译器。最新版本的编译器是使用其先前版本的编译器来编译。
  3. 提取编译器。这将创建一个fpc-3.0.2.arm-linux目录。(注意:这个文件夹必需存在于一个 linux 文件系统上 [像文档文件夹] ，像 FAT 之类不允许接下来步骤的工作)。
  4. 在这个目录中,以 pi 用户，运行./install.sh
  5. 在四个提示处，回答Enter, n, n, n: 这是，接受建议的目录/home/pi/fpc-3.0.2，没有文本模式IDE，没有文档，没有示例。忽略tar警告。注意额外文件将被写入到/home/pi: .fpc.cfg, .config/fppkg.cfg, .fppkg/config/default中。当构建完成后，删除临时的bootstrap编译器，这些文件和 /home/pi/fpc-3.0.2安装目录需要被删除。
  6. 临时添加FPC安装目录到PATH: export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/fpc-3.0.2/bin。如果你在完成FPC构建之前由于任何原因必须重新启动，那么你必需再次执行此步骤。
  7. 测试是否一切正常: fpc abcd。This invokes the just installed compiler trying to compile a non-existent file (abcd). A multiline message will be shown including the compiler version.
  8. 非步骤注释:下面步骤主要基于 这个
  9. 安装开发库: sudo apt install libgtk2.0-dev libgpm-dev libncurses-dev
  10. mkdir ~/pascal
  11. cd ~/pascal
  12. svn co https://svn.freepascal.org/svn/fpc/tags/release_3_0_4 fpc, you have to be online for this and the next step to work.
  13. svn co https://svn.freepascal.org/svn/lazarus/tags/lazarus_2_0_6 lazarus
  14. cd lazarus/tools/install
  15. 编辑create_fpc_deb.sh, look for line with the following content: arm) ppcbin=arm; FPCArch=arm;;, (当前行109). Copy and paste this line below itself, so it will appear twice. Edit this copy to read like this: armhf) ppcbin=arm; FPCArch=arm;;. 现在保存更改和退出。
  16. 运行脚本: ./create_fpc_deb.sh fpc ~/pascal/fpc/. This will compile the latest compiler with the bootstrap compiler. It takes about 11 minutes. A .deb file will be created: fpc-laz_3.0.4-yymmdd_armhf.deb; the exact name will be shown at the end of the compilation. Rename the file with (NOTE: do not type the brackets): mv [file name shown at end of compilation] fpc-laz_3.0.4_armhf.deb
  17. 你已经完成FPC构建。重启树莓派来摆脱临时路径。
  18. 卸载bootstrap FPC: rm -rf ~/.fpc.cfg ~/.config/fppkg.cfg ~/.fppkg ~/fpc-3.0.2 ~/tmp. Check what you just did: fpc abcd should say command is not found.
  19. Install the just created FPC Debian package: sudo dpkg -i ~/pascal/lazarus/tools/install/fpc-laz_3.0.4_armhf.deb. Check if it works: fpc abcd should show the newly installed FPC compiler.
  20. cd ~/pascal/lazarus/tools/install
  21. ./create_fpc_deb.sh fpc-src ~/pascal/fpc/. This builds the FPC source package in about 3 minutes: fpc-src_3.0.4-yymmdd_armhf.deb. Rename with: mv fpc-src_3.0.4-yymmdd_armhf.deb fpc-src_3.0.4_armhf.deb
  22. 编辑create_lazarus_deb.sh, look for line with the following content: echo "$Arch is not supported.", (currently line 86). Copy the 3 lines above it and paste them just below themselves: at this time it is copy lines 83 to 85 and paste them between lines 85 and 86. In the just pasted lines (lines 86-88), replace sparc with armhf, and ppcsparc with ppcarm. Look for the first fi just below; copy and paste it below itself (copy line 91 below itself, so line 91 and 92 read the same). For you coders out there, you are adding another if to a nested if, with its corresponding fi。现在保存并退出。
  23. ./create_lazarus_deb.sh。这将构建Lazarus IDE Debian软件包 lazarus-project_2.0.6-0_armhf.deb。它将花费大约需要15分钟。
  24. 安装FPC源文件和Lazarus软件包: sudo dpkg -i fpc-src_3.0.4_armhf.deb lazarus-project_2.0.6-0_armhf.deb
  25. 保存*.deb到另一个位置，如果以后需要可重新安装或与朋友共享：请记住这是自由软件。
  26. cd, rm -rf ~/pascal ~/tmp

You can now finally enjoy your fully working, fully up to date Lazarus. Find it in the Programming section of the Raspberry menu. A message titled "Error in EditorMacroScript" will be shown on first run; this also appears in the Raspbian Lazarus, reason still unknown to the original author of this page.现在尝试安装一个软件包，例如：lazreport;它将工作！

想帮助FPC/Lazarus社区？在互联网上的某个地方托管生产的 .deb软件包，并在论坛上留言来让每个人都知道； 为每个发布版本都重做软件包。

贡献者和更改

  • 简体中文版本由 robsean 于 2020-04-08 创建。
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