Difference between revisions of "fcl-json"

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(→‎Examples: Add traversig items example)
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end;
 
end;
  
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</syntaxhighlight>
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 +
== Traversing Items ==
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 +
<syntaxhighlight>
 +
uses
 +
  Classes, TypInfo, fpjson, jsonparser;
 +
 +
procedure JSONItems(Info: TStrings);
 +
var
 +
  jData : TJSONData;
 +
  jItem : TJSONData;
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  i, j: integer;
 +
  object_name, field_name, field_value, object_type, object_items: string;
 +
begin
 +
  jData := GetJSON('{"A":{"field1":0, "field2": false},"B":{"field1":0, "field2": false}}');
 +
 +
  for i := 0 to jData.Count - 1 do
 +
  begin
 +
    jItem := jData.Items[i];
 +
 +
    object_type := GetEnumName(TypeInfo(TJSONtype), Ord(jItem.JSONType));
 +
    object_name := TJSONObject(jData).Names[i];
 +
    WriteStr(object_items, jItem.Count);
 +
 +
    Info.Append('object type: ' + object_type + '|object name: ' + object_name + '|number of fields: ' + object_items);
 +
 +
    for j := 0 to jItem.Count - 1 do
 +
    begin
 +
      field_name := TJSONObject(jItem).Names[j];
 +
      field_value := jItem.FindPath(TJSONObject(jItem).Names[j]).AsString;
 +
 +
      Info.Append(field_name + '|' + field_value);
 +
    end;
 +
  end;
 +
 +
  jData.Free;
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end;
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
  

Revision as of 09:20, 8 December 2017

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Info

fcl-json is JSON implementation.

Contains such units:

  • fpjson: base unit which implements TJsonData and its children, e.g. TJsonObject
  • jsonParser: implements TJsonParser used in example below
  • jsonConf: implements TJsonConfig which is handy to read/write application data to files
  • jsonScanner: json source lexical analyzer

Note: In fpjson, accessing e.g. SomeJSONObject.Integers['price'] may give a SIGSEGV/Access Violation if that integer variable does not exist. This is apparently intentional, see [1]. You'd have to use the Find method (available since FPC 2.6.2) to first check if the element ('price' in this example) exists.

Streaming

fcl-json contains the unit "fpjsonrtti" which is used to load objects (TObject instances) from or save them to JSON format.

See Streaming JSON for a short example.

Examples

Getting Started

uses fpjson, jsonparser;

procedure JSONTest;
var
   jData : TJSONData;
   jObject : TJSONObject;
   jArray : TJSONArray;
   s : string;
begin
   
   // this is only a minimal sampling of what can be done with this API

   // create from string
   jData := GetJSON('{"Fld1" : "Hello", "Fld2" : 42, "Colors" : ["Red", "Green", "Blue"]}');

   // output as a flat string
   s := jData.AsJSON;

   //  output as nicely formatted JSON
   s := jData.FormatJSON;

   // cast as TJSONObject to make access easier
   jObject := TJSONObject(jData);

   // retrieve value of Fld1
   s := jObject.Get('Fld1');

   // change value of Fld2
   jObject.Integers['Fld2'] := 123;

   // retrieve the second color
   s := jData.FindPath('Colors[1]').AsString;

   // add a new element
   jObject.Add('Happy', True);

   // add a new sub-array
   jArray := TJSONArray.Create;
   jArray.Add('North');
   jArray.Add('South');
   jArray.Add('East');
   jArray.Add('West');
   jObject.Add('Directions', jArray);

end;

Traversing Items

uses
  Classes, TypInfo, fpjson, jsonparser;

procedure JSONItems(Info: TStrings);
var
  jData : TJSONData;
  jItem : TJSONData;
  i, j: integer;
  object_name, field_name, field_value, object_type, object_items: string;
begin
  jData := GetJSON('{"A":{"field1":0, "field2": false},"B":{"field1":0, "field2": false}}');

  for i := 0 to jData.Count - 1 do
  begin
    jItem := jData.Items[i];
 
    object_type := GetEnumName(TypeInfo(TJSONtype), Ord(jItem.JSONType));
    object_name := TJSONObject(jData).Names[i];
    WriteStr(object_items, jItem.Count);
 
    Info.Append('object type: ' + object_type + '|object name: ' + object_name + '|number of fields: ' + object_items);
 
    for j := 0 to jItem.Count - 1 do
    begin
      field_name := TJSONObject(jItem).Names[j];
      field_value := jItem.FindPath(TJSONObject(jItem).Names[j]).AsString;
 
      Info.Append(field_name + '|' + field_value);
    end;
  end;
 
  jData.Free;
end;

Save/load dialog position/size

uses jsonConf;

procedure TfmMain.SaveOptionsPos;
var
  c: TJSONConfig;
begin
  c:= TJSONConfig.Create(nil);
  try
    c.Filename:= GetAppPath(cFileHistory);
    c.SetValue('/dialog/max', WindowState=wsMaximized);
    if WindowState<>wsMaximized then
    begin
      c.SetValue('/dialog/posx', Left);
      c.SetValue('/dialog/posy', Top);
      c.SetValue('/dialog/sizex', Width);
      c.SetValue('/dialog/sizey', Height);
    end;
  finally
    c.Free;
  end;
end;

procedure TfmMain.LoadOptionsPos;
var
  nLeft, nTop, nW, nH: integer;
  c: TJSONConfig;
begin
  c:= TJSONConfig.Create(nil);
  try
    c.Filename:= GetAppPath(cFileHistory);

    nLeft:= c.GetValue('/dialog/posx', Left);
    nTop:= c.GetValue('/dialog/posy', Top);
    nW:= c.GetValue('/dialog/sizex', Width);
    nH:= c.GetValue('/dialog/sizey', Height);
    SetBounds(nLeft, nTop, nW, nH);

    if c.GetValue('/dialog/max', false) then
      WindowState:= wsMaximized;
  finally
    c.Free;
  end;
end;

Save/load TStringList

//Example of path: '/list_find'

procedure SLoadStringsFromFile(cfg: TJsonConfig; const path: string; List: TStrings);
var
  i: integer;
  s: UnicodeString;
begin
  List.Clear;
  for i:= 0 to OptMaxHistoryItems-1 do
  begin
    s:= cfg.GetValue(path+'/'+inttostr(i), '');
    if s='' then Break;
    List.Add(Utf8Encode(s));
  end;
end;

procedure SSaveStringsToFile(cfg: TJsonConfig; const path: string; List: TStrings);
var
  i: integer;
  s: string;
begin
  for i:= 0 to OptMaxHistoryItems-1 do
  begin
    if i<List.Count then
      s:= List[i]
    else
      s:= '';
    cfg.SetDeleteValue(path+'/'+inttostr(i), Utf8Decode(s), '');
  end;
end;

From JsonViewer

Example usage can be found in the Lazarus jsonviewer tool (located in lazarus/tools/jsonviewer). In particular, this part of the tool shows how to use json:

procedure TMainForm.OpenFile(Const AFileName : String);

Var
  S : TFileStream;
  P : TJSONParser;
  D : TJSONData;
begin
  S:=TFileStream.Create(AFileName,fmOpenRead);
  try
    P:=TJSONParser.Create(S);
    try
      P.Strict:=FStrict;
      D:=P.Parse;
    finally
      P.Free;
    end;
  finally
    S.Free;
  end;
  FFileName:=AFileName;
  SetCaption;
  FreeAndNil(FRoot);
  FRoot:=D;
  ShowJSONDocument;
end;

procedure TMainForm.ShowJSONDocument;

begin
  With TVJSON.Items do
    begin
    BeginUpdate;
    try
      TVJSON.Items.Clear;
      SHowJSONData(Nil,FRoot);
      With TVJSON do
        If (Items.Count>0) and Assigned(Items[0]) then
          begin
          Items[0].Expand(False);
          Selected:=Items[0];
          end;
    finally
      EndUpdate;
    end;
    end;
end;

procedure TMainForm.ShowJSONData(AParent : TTreeNode; Data : TJSONData);

Var
  N,N2 : TTreeNode;
  I : Integer;
  D : TJSONData;
  C : String;
  S : TStringList;

begin
  N:=Nil;
  if Assigned(Data) then
    begin
    Case Data.JSONType of
      jtArray,
      jtObject:
        begin
        If (Data.JSONType=jtArray) then
          C:=SArray
         else
           C:=SObject;
        N:=TVJSON.Items.AddChild(AParent,Format(C,[Data.Count]));
        S:=TstringList.Create;
        try
          For I:=0 to Data.Count-1 do
            If Data.JSONtype=jtArray then
              S.AddObject(IntToStr(I),Data.items[i])
            else
              S.AddObject(TJSONObject(Data).Names[i],Data.items[i]);
          If FSortObjectMembers and (Data.JSONType=jtObject) then
            S.Sort;
          For I:=0 to S.Count-1 do
            begin
            N2:=TVJSON.Items.AddChild(N,S[i]);
            D:=TJSONData(S.Objects[i]);
            N2.ImageIndex:=ImageTypeMap[D.JSONType];
            N2.SelectedIndex:=ImageTypeMap[D.JSONType];
            ShowJSONData(N2,D);
            end
        finally
          S.Free;
        end;
        end;
      jtNull:
        N:=TVJSON.Items.AddChild(AParent,SNull);
    else
      N:=TVJSON.Items.AddChild(AParent,Data.AsString);
    end;
    If Assigned(N) then
      begin
      N.ImageIndex:=ImageTypeMap[Data.JSONType];
      N.SelectedIndex:=ImageTypeMap[Data.JSONType];
      N.Data:=Data;
      end;
    end;
end;

FpcTwit

The fpctwit library makes use of JSON to send/receive data.

See also