Difference between revisions of "fpvectorial - Text Document Support"

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=== Lists ===
 
=== Lists ===
 +
 +
'''CAVEAT:  The following comments apply to code which has not yet been checked in.  At the moment SVN contains only experimental List support, which is very different to the final implementation.'''
 +
 
* Lists are centered around TvList.  
 
* Lists are centered around TvList.  
 
* Each TvList can either have a TvParagraph added, or a child TvList (which is how we get deeper levels).
 
* Each TvList can either have a TvParagraph added, or a child TvList (which is how we get deeper levels).

Revision as of 08:00, 23 September 2013

fpvectorial - Document Support

Background

The fpvectorial library can be used to create formatted text files in a variety of file formats. Current file support includes Open Document XML (odt) and Open Office XML (docx). The files can be opened in a variety of products including Microsoft Office, OpenOffice and LibreOffice.

As the name suggests, the FPVectorial library was originally created solely as a vector based image library. Support for creating documents was added to FPVectorial as the existing architecture already had the concept of a Document containing Pages, and it's architecture was easily extendable. Document support was added beside the existing image handling classes. Vector based images are differentiated from office documents by the type of page added to TvVectorialDocument.

At this time, two different pages can be added to TvVectorialDocument:

  • TvTextPageSequence: This is used by all Office Document writers.
  • TvVectorialPage: This is used for Vector Image writers, and is currently ignored by the office document writers.


Currently there are two Office Document writers.

  • TODTVectorialWriter.pas: for producing .odt files suitable for opening in OpenOffice and LibreOffice
  • TDOCXVectorialWriter: for opening files in Microsoft Office 2007 onwards.


Instead of focusing on the requirements of each individual file format, Office Document support inside FPVectorial was added by creating and implementing a Document Class Hierarchy. It is then up to each individual reader and writer to interpret this class hierarchy.

Alternative Library - fpOdf
If you want to produce an ODT file by concentrating on the File Format, then the fpOdf library implemented by dgaspary and made available on the forums is recommended. This allows fine control when creating an ODT file, including many options not provided by FPVectorial - Document Support. A deeper understanding of the file format specification is required when using fpOdf; this complexity is hidden when using FPVectorial.
Forum Link: Topic: fpOdf - Creating and modifying OpenDocument ODF files with freepascal

Download

fpvectorial comes in the Lazarus SVN, in the directory components/fpvectorial:

svn co http://svn.freepascal.org/svn/lazarus/trunk/components/fpvectorial fpvectorial

See also fpvectorial

Hello World Example

The following code will produce a "Hello World" document. As no styles are defined, it is entirely up to the program used to open the resulting files (Microsoft Word, LibreOffice Write etc) to determine font and font size...

Program HelloWorld;

{$mode objfpc}{$H+}

Uses
  fpvectorialpkg, fpvectorial;

Var
  Document: TvVectorialDocument;
  Page: TvTextPageSequence;
  Paragraph: TvParagraph;

Begin
  Document := TvVectorialDocument.Create;
  Try
    Page := Document.AddTextPageSequence;
    Paragraph := Page.AddParagraph;
    Paragraph.AddText('Hello World!');

    Document.WriteToFile('Hello_World.docx', vfDOCX);
    Document.WriteToFile('Hello_World.odt', vfODT);
  Finally
    Document.Free;
  End;
End.



Basic Concepts

General

  • A single FPVectorial Document (TvVectorialDocument) consists of a series of Page Sequences.
  • Each Page Sequence can have it's own Header and Footer, and it's own Page Setup (size, orientation)
  • Text, Tables, Images are added to the Page Sequence. In this way the document is built up.
  • FPVectorial has no concept of how many pages are in a document, only the number of Page Sequences. A large multipage document may only have a single Page Sequence.
  • A single Page Sequence can have multiple Paragraphs added.
  • Headers and Footers are built up in an identical manner to a Page Sequence.
  • TvVectorialDocument is responsible for freeing any entity added using the .AddXXX calls.

Formatted Text

  • Text is added inside Paragraphs (TvParagraph).
  • Paragraphs consist of multiple text runs. A single Paragraph can have a single Paragraph style. Each text run can have an optional text style applied (allowing, for instance, the bolding of individual words in a paragraph).
  • All Paragraph and Text Styles must be defined before being used. FP Vectorial supports style inheritance. Microsoft Office, OpenOffice and LibreOffice allow only partial styles to be defined, though each office implements its own different set of defaults for any missing properties. If it is critical that the document look identical in each of the Office Suites, then the Styles should be fully defined.
  • A default set of Styles can be added to the FP Vectorial Document by calling AddDefaultStyles.
  • Headings are Paragraph Styles, with additional properties covering Heading Level and numbering

Tables

  • Tables are centered around TvTable
  • A TvTable consists of a collection of rows.
  • Table rows consist of a collection of cells.
  • Tables can add optional column information. This must be provided if merged cells are being used.
  • Any Table Cell can support any document object, including multiple paragraphs, images and even nested Tables.

Lists

CAVEAT: The following comments apply to code which has not yet been checked in. At the moment SVN contains only experimental List support, which is very different to the final implementation.

  • Lists are centered around TvList.
  • Each TvList can either have a TvParagraph added, or a child TvList (which is how we get deeper levels).
  • Each TvList has both a TvStyle (which determines the default TvParagraph text appearance) and a TvListStyle (which determines the list behaviour).
  • Each TvListStyle holds a list of TvListLevelStyle.
  • Each TvListLevelStyle defines how each different level of the list behaves.
  • Each List can be bulleted, or numbered.
  • Supported numbering: Decimal, lowercase Roman, uppercase Roman, lowercase Alphabet, uppercase Alphabet.
  • When dealing with numbered lists: Lists can be prefixed with single identifier (ie 1.) or numeric identifiers for all levels to date (ie 1.1.1.1.). This is handled through a boolean TvListLevelStyle.DisplayLevels.
  • Two list styles are predefined in AddStandardFormats. StyleBulletList and StyleNumberList. Interestingly, the design for both docx and odt file formats (and consequently for fpvectorial) allow for a mixing of different list definitions within a list. So you can create a list that uses a mixture of the predefined StyleBulletList and StyleNumberList.



Roadmap

Functionality OpenDocument (ODT) Office Open XML (DOCX)
File Version ODT 1.2 with extensions ECMA-376 1st Edition (2006)
Supported Style Types Paragraph and Text-Span Paragraph and Text
Table Support Yes Yes
List Support Pending Pending
Multiple Headers/Footers Not yet Yes
Tables in Header/Footer Not yet Not tested
Image Support Not yet Not yet
Images in Header/Footer Not yet Not yet
FPVectorial Image Support Not yet Not yet
Tab Stops Not yet Not yet
Document Fields Not yet Not yet
Meta Data Partially Implemented Not yet
Table of contents Not yet Not yet
Footnotes Not planned Not planned
Review/Revision Not planned Not planned
Bookmarks / Hyperlinks Not planned not planned
Comments Not planned Not planned



Code Examples

Styles

This example uses both the default styles that can be added to TvVectorialDocument via AddStandardTextDocumentStyles, and a Text-Span style added specifically to TvVectorialDocument. Text-Span styles should not be applied to Paragraphs, only to individual Text Spans within a Paragraph.

Uses
  fpvectorialpkg, fpvectorial;

Var
  Document: TvVectorialDocument;
  Page: TvTextPageSequence;
  Paragraph: TvParagraph;
  BoldTextStyle: TvStyle;

Begin
  Document := TvVectorialDocument.Create;
  Try
    //  Adds the defaut Paragraph Styles
    //    StyleTextBody, StyleHeading1,
    //    StyleHeading2 & StyleHeading3
    Document.AddStandardTextDocumentStyles(vfUnknown);

    // Add our own Style
    BoldTextStyle := Document.AddStyle();

    BoldTextStyle.Kind := vskTextSpan;
    BoldTextStyle.Name := 'Bold';
    BoldTextStyle.Font.Bold := True;
    BoldTextStyle.SetElements := BoldTextStyle.SetElements + [spbfFontBold];

    // Create the Document
    Page := Document.AddTextPageSequence;
    Paragraph := Page.AddParagraph;
    Paragraph.Style := Document.StyleTextBody;

    // Add Hello World as two text spans within the same paragraph,
    // and make 'World' bold
    Paragraph.AddText('Hello ');
    Paragraph.AddText('World!').Style := BoldTextStyle;

    Document.WriteToFile('Hello_World.docx', vfDOCX);
    Document.WriteToFile('Hello_World.odt', vfODT);
  Finally
    Document.Free;
  End;
End.
Output of extended Hello World! program











Simple Table

This example adds a 5 column table to the Document. The first two rows are designated as Header Rows (rows which repeat at the top of each page). These header rows then have a grey background shading applied, and the text is bolded.

The very first row contains examples of merging cells. Only 3 cells are added, with the last two cells spanning two columns each (set via .SpannedCols).

program SimpleTable;

{$mode objfpc}{$H+}

uses
  fpvectorialpkg,
  fpvectorial,
  fpvutils,   // For RGBToFPColor()
  SysUtils;

var
  Document: TvVectorialDocument;
  Page: TvTextPageSequence;
  Paragraph: TvParagraph;
  BoldTextStyle: TvStyle;
  CenterStyle: TvStyle;
  Table: TvTable;
  Row: TvTableRow;
  Cell: TvTableCell;
  iRow: Integer;
  iCol: Integer;

const
  // Most dimensions in FPVectorial are in mm.  If you want to specify
  // anything in other units, be ready to do the conversion...
  ONE_POINT_IN_MM = 0.35278;

begin
  Document := TvVectorialDocument.Create;
  try
    //  Adds the defaut Paragraph Styles
    //    StyleTextBody, StyleHeading1,
    //    StyleHeading2 & StyleHeading3
    Document.AddStandardTextDocumentStyles(vfUnknown);

    // Add our own Style for bolded text elements
    BoldTextStyle := Document.AddStyle();
    BoldTextStyle.Kind := vskTextSpan; // This style will only be applied to selected Text Spans
    BoldTextStyle.Name := 'Bold';
    BoldTextStyle.Font.Bold := True;
    BoldTextStyle.SetElements := BoldTextStyle.SetElements + [spbfFontBold];

    // Add our own style for centered paragraphs
    CenterStyle := Document.AddStyle();
    CenterStyle.Kind := vskTextBody; // This style will be applied to the whole Paragraph
    CenterStyle.Name := 'Table Body Centered';
    CenterStyle.Font.Name := 'Verdana';
    CenterStyle.Font.Size := 8;
    CenterStyle.Alignment := vsaCenter;
    CenterStyle.MarginTop := 2 * ONE_POINT_IN_MM;
    CenterStyle.MarginBottom := 2 * ONE_POINT_IN_MM;
    CenterStyle.SetElements :=
      [spbfFontSize, spbfFontName, spbfAlignment, sseMarginTop, sseMarginBottom];

    // Create the Document, and add a simple Heading
    Page := Document.AddTextPageSequence;
    Paragraph := Page.AddParagraph;
    Paragraph.Style := Document.StyleHeading1;
    Paragraph.AddText('Simple Table');

    // Add our Table, which will have 5 columns
    Table := Page.AddTable;
    Table.PreferredWidth := Dimension(100, dimPercent);

    // As we will be merging cells, we have to define all the column widths
    // so that ODT knows how many columns there will be.
    // Getting the width exactly correct is not essential as LibreOffice Writer
    // and Microsoft Word each treat this as a PreferredWidth value.
    Table.ColWidthsUnits:=dimMillimeter;
    Table.AddColWidth(50);
    Table.AddColWidth(50);
    Table.AddColWidth(50);
    Table.AddColWidth(50);
    Table.AddColWidth(50);

    // Add a single row at the start which will contain merged cells
    Row := Table.AddRow;
    Row.BackgroundColor := RGBToFPColor(192, 192, 192); // Grey Shading
    Row.Header := True; // Tell the table this is a Header Row
                        // Header Rows repeat at the top of each page

    Cell := Row.AddCell;
    Paragraph := Cell.AddParagraph;
    Paragraph.Style := CenterStyle;
    Paragraph.AddText('Category 1').Style := BoldTextStyle;

    Cell := Row.AddCell;
    Cell.SpannedCols:=2;  // Make this cell cover two columns
    Paragraph := Cell.AddParagraph;
    Paragraph.Style := CenterStyle;
    Paragraph.AddText('Category 2').Style := BoldTextStyle;

    Cell := Row.AddCell;
    Cell.SpannedCols:=2;  // Make this cell cover two columns
    Paragraph := Cell.AddParagraph;
    Paragraph.Style := CenterStyle;
    Paragraph.AddText('Category 3').Style := BoldTextStyle;

    // Add 21 rows to the Table, with the first being the header row
    for iRow := 0 to 20 do
    begin
      Row := Table.AddRow;

      // Header Row
      if iRow = 0 then
      begin
        Row.BackgroundColor := RGBToFPColor(192, 192, 192); // Grey Shading
        Row.Header := True; // Tell the table this is a Header Row
                            // Header Rows repeat at the top of each page
      end;

      // Add 5 cells to each Row
      for iCol := 0 to 4 do
      begin
        Cell := Row.AddCell;

        // Each Cell is a TvRichText, we cad add anything we can add to the main
        // body of a Document (for now Paragraphs, Tables or Lists)
        Paragraph := Cell.AddParagraph;
        Paragraph.Style := CenterStyle;

        if iRow = 0 then
          Paragraph.AddText(Format('Header Col %d', [iCol])).Style := BoldTextStyle
        else
          Paragraph.AddText(Format('Cell %d x %d', [iRow, iCol]));
      end;
    end;


    Document.WriteToFile('Simple_Table.docx', vfDOCX);
    Document.WriteToFile('Simple_Table.odt', vfODT);
  finally
    Document.Free;
  end;
end.
Output of Simple Table program











Known Issues

  • List support is currently experimental Working List Code has been completed and is waiting to be submitted to the Code Maintainer
  • Table support in ODT writer results in large file sizes. This is due to the fact that a style is created for each individual cell, even if multiple cells are identically formatted. This also applied to row styles and column styles. In order to resolve this, Cell, Row and Column Styles could be normalised. Alternatively, the entire table formatting architecture could be re-written to force the end user to create and apply the styles themselves (in addition to also requiring DOCX table support to be re-written to support the new architecture, specific code will need adding to DOCX writer to interpret the new FP Vectorial Table Styles).
  • ODT Writer produces files that cannot be opened in Word 2010.
  • File MIMETYPE in ODTDocument should not be compressed. Currently clNone compression type is ignored by TZipper (possible cause for Word 2010 rejecting existing ODT files). Patch exists, and needs investigating as to why this hasn't been added to FPC trunk.



TODO

General

  • Comprehensive testing, including opening the files in as many word processors and office suites as possible.
  • DOCX and ODT Readers (volunteers required)
  • Add PDF reader/writer (current PDF support is for Vector Image support only)
  • Add HTML reader/writer
  • Add RTF reader/writer
  • Produce well documented examples and store in FPVectorial/Examples
  • Code Documentation for distributing with Lazarus

New Code

See Roadmap above...

Partially complete

  • List support is only partially implemented in FP Vectorial, ODT Writer and DOCX Writer. The design needs finishing, and then re-implementing in the two writers

ODTWriter

  • Support for Header/Footers and support for Tables within Headers/Footers. This requires a refactoring of ODT writer. Header and Footer content is actually stored in styles.xml, not in content.xml. All current text and table support can only produce content in content.xml.