Basic Pascal Tutorial/Chapter 4/Functions

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4C - Functions (author: Tao Yue, state: unchanged)

Functions work the same way as procedures, but they always return a single value to the main program through its own name:

function Name (parameter_list) : return_type;

Functions are called in the main program by using them in expressions:

a := Name (5) + 3;

If your function has no argument, be careful not to use the name of the function on the right side of any equation inside the function. That is:

function Name : integer;
begin
  Name := 2;
  Name := Name + 1
end.

is a no-no. Instead of returning the value 3, as might be expected, this sets up an infinite recursive loop in certain language modes (e.g. {$MODE DELPHI} or {$MODE TP}; other modes require brackets for function call even if the brackets are empty due to no parameters being required for the particular function). Name will call Name, which will call Name, which will call Name, etc.

The return value is set by assigning a value to the function identifier.

Name := 5;

It is generally bad programming form to make use of VAR parameters in functions -- functions should return only one value. You certainly don't want the sin function to change your pi radians to 0 radians because they're equivalent -- you just want the answer 0.